A recent study indicates that patients who come off new GLP-1 drugs like semaglutide or tirzepatide tend to recover shed pounds much more quickly than those who halt conventional diet and exercise plans.
Research printed in a major medical journal shows that while obese individuals can lose a large proportion of their total mass while undergoing treatment, the mass returns at an average rate of 0.8 kg per month after stopping.
"People using these treatments should be informed of the risk of rapid rebound weight gain when the medication ends," cautioned researcher Dr. Susan Jebb.
That rate of recovery suggests a return to pre-treatment weight in about 18 months.
Comparing Approaches
The research, which reviewed 37 of studies involving over 9,000 of participants, compared the results of these new drugs with other pills.
Researchers emphasize that individuals who shed pounds through lifestyle changes alone typically experience a less rapid weight regain—approximately 100 grams monthly—post-intervention.
Explaining the Rapid Regain
Experts believe the mechanism of the jabs explains the accelerated regain.
These medications imitate a body's own chemical called GLP-1, which helps regulate appetite.
"Long-term administration of GLP-1 concentrations far above than the body's typical production might result in the body to produce less of its endogenous GLP-1, and may also diminish sensitivity to its effects," said Dr. Adam Collins, a nutrition researcher.
"Discontinuation of this hormone supplement leads to hunger is uncontrolled, making binge eating a significant risk."
An Ongoing Disease?
The NHS suggest the jabs for people with obesity-related health risks, accompanied by recommended lifestyle changes.
Many experts say that, due to the likelihood of relapse, the treatment should be considered ongoing.
This opinion is supported by drug manufacturers, who state that the findings "underscore the persistent nature of obesity," comparing it to managing conditions like high blood pressure.
Patient Testimonies
Individuals who have come off the medication report a sudden return of hunger.
"It felt as if a switch activating and I was suddenly extremely hungry," described an individual.
This challenge is compounded if patients have not adopted lasting lifestyle or habit changes during treatment.
Significant Use
Recent estimates suggest that a significant number of adults in the UK have tried weight-loss jabs in the last 12 months, with desire being substantial.
- Adoption is more common among women compared to males.
- The middle-aged demographic shows the greatest level of interest.
- A large proportion access the medications through private healthcare rather than the NHS.
In conclusion, clinicians emphasize that while GLP-1 drugs are effective tools for weight loss, they are not a standalone solution and maintained weight loss likely depends on combined behavioural changes.
